| Project Detail |
A bio-inspired, fire-resistant wood mineralisation process
Wood, although renewable, is combustible, posing a challenge in construction. Traditional fire retardants, while effective, are often toxic and leach into the environment. Wood mineralisation, an alternative method, can be expensive and involves the use of harmful chemicals. Microbially induced mineralisation offers a sustainable solution, but fungi, compared to bacteria, remain underexplored in this regard. The MSCA-funded MICRO-INSERT project aims to address this gap by using fungi as carriers of calcium carbonate to mineralise wood, creating novel organic-inorganic hybrid materials with enhanced properties, including improved fire resistance. This process will promote sustainable materials design and circularity. The project will facilitate knowledge transfer by establishing a robust research network, organising events and mentoring young researchers.
Wood is the only renewable construction material and holds great promise for sustainable built environments of the future. However, its combustibility is a major limitation. The drawback of using traditional fire and flame retardants is the toxicity and volatility of some of their components and the loss of chemicals by leaching, leading to poorer performance. Mineralisation of wood offers a green alternative, but current strategies often require a costly technical setup for supercritical gases or the use of harmful chemicals to achieve the deposition of minerals deep inside the wood structure. Biologically induced mineralisation is a widespread phenomenon occurring in all kingdoms of life. In recent years, microbially induced calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation has been proposed as a potential solution to address many environmental and engineering issues related to the enhancement of inorganic materials (protection of concrete, soil consolidation). However, the potential for using fungi has received relatively little attention compared to bacteria. The MICRO-INSERT project will investigate the feasibility of using fungi as CaCO3 carriers to develop a novel bioinspired mineralisation process for biobased building materials. Wood as a highly porous, three-dimensional organic scaffold will be mineralised to create hierarchically structured organic-inorganic hybrid materials with novel properties, including improved fire resistance. The proposed bioinspired treatment incorporates ideas for sustainable materials design, circularity, reduction of toxicity, and lowering the negative impact on the environment. The MICRO-INSERT project will stimulate innovation and knowledge transfer between the host and ER by building a solid research network, organising events, mentoring young researchers, and managing projects. The ER will gain research and scientific skills and acquire a new set of competencies to reach professional maturity and independence after the fellowship. |
