| Project Detail |
The proposed Flood Management in North Java Project will strengthen the climate resilience of the people and the economy in the Cimanuk-Cisanggarung (CimanCis) and the Seluna river basin territories (RBTs). It will help in reducing the risk to 485,000 people, of which 200,000 are poor and vulnerable, agricultural crops, and assets from flooding in the rapidly urbanizing and industrializing northern coast area of Java island. The project will make the flood risk management (FRM) approach operational by (i) establishing earth observation services (EOSs) and flood forecasting early warning and flood evaluation systems (FFEWFESs) to enhance flood preparedness of communities, (ii) improving regional planning and land zoning to reduce exposure to floods, and (iii) increasing climate resilience of flood protection infrastructure and its operation and maintenance (O&M).
Project Name Flood Management in North Java Project
Project Number 51157-001
Country / Economy Indonesia
Project Status Approved
Project Type / Modality of Assistance Loan
The proposed Flood Management in North Java Project will strengthen the climate resilience of the people and the economy in the Cimanuk-Cisanggarung (CimanCis) and the Seluna river basin territories (RBTs). It will help in reducing the risk to 485,000 people, of which 200,000 are poor and vulnerable, agricultural crops, and assets from flooding in the rapidly urbanizing and industrializing northern coast area of Java island. The project will make the flood risk management (FRM) approach operational by (i) establishing earth observation services (EOSs) and flood forecasting early warning and flood evaluation systems (FFEWFESs) to enhance flood preparedness of communities, (ii) improving regional planning and land zoning to reduce exposure to floods, and (iii) increasing climate resilience of flood protection infrastructure and its operation and maintenance (O&M).
Project Rationale and Linkage to Country/Regional Strategy
Indonesias economy continues to recover from the coronavirus disease pandemic and grew by 5.3% in 2022. Private consumption and investment grew modestly, while commodity exports boomed. The export windfall enabled the fiscal deficit to fall below 3% of the gross domestic product (GDP) 1 year earlier than programmed. However, higher commodity prices also pushed up inflation, which peaked at 6% in September 2022, prompting the central bank to raise its policy rate. ADB projects that the economy will grow by 5.0% in 2023 as domestic demand takes over from commodity exports as the driver of growth.
Impacts of floods have been worsening.
Floods disrupt economic activities, accentuate economic inequalities, and disproportionately affect vulnerable people. National Disaster Management Agency data show that, during 2008-2021, floods resulted in 2,813 lives lost, 109,958 people injured, 392,000 houses damaged, and 6.7 million houses inundated across Indonesia. Annual average flood losses are estimated to be $2.4 billion. Scientists estimated that, from 2000 to 2030, exposure to flood risk will increase by 76% on average for river floods and 120% for coastal floods.
Flood plain communities are particularly affected by climate change. Climate change influences the intensity and frequency of rainfall, exacerbating the impacts of floods. With increasing population and assets in low-lying areas, Indonesia - and particularly the CimanCis and Seluna RBTs - are highly vulnerable to riverine floods and climate change. It is estimated that 389,231 people are at risk from a 1-in-25-year flood in the CimanCis RBT and 268,516 people in the Seluna RBT. The country ranked fifth globally for the highest population inhabiting lower-elevation coastal zones and is particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise. The loss of natural protective barriers such as mangroves, and land subsidence resulting from overextraction of groundwater for urban, industrial, and agricultural uses, further amplifies the impacts of floods. Rapid urbanization reduces pervious surfaces, resulting in higher runoff volumes, ultimately increasing exposure of communities and assets to flood risks. Without climate adaptation, more than 4.2 million people will likely be exposed to permanent flooding by 2070. Floods also affect agriculture, with some 20% of rice cultivation located in low-lying coastal plains with increasing risk of frequent flooding, saline intrusion, and coastal erosion affecting livelihoods and food security. Women are disproportionately affected by climate change. During floods, they tend to work more to secure livelihoods, leaving them with less time to access education, develop skills, or earn income.
Impact
Climate resilience enhanced to support economic growth |
