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Paving the way for a clear understanding of human rights
While the majority of countries permit abortion, under at least some circumstances, rules range widely from highly restrictive to fully liberal. While we still know very little about the reasons for such diversity, it has a crucial role in the issue of the interpretation and implementation of just and clear human rights in any cultural context. The ERC-funded Abortion Figurations project will analyse the different forms of communication employed to change abortion laws. It will study three regional debate cases in pairs of different human rights systems (Mozambique and Senegal, Poland and Ireland, and Argentina and Honduras) to provide a multi-dimensional, global, model for an interdisciplinary socio-legal study of human rights enabling their clear figuration.
Abortion laws are the crux of human rights diversity today. Abortion laws evidence best how differently human rights meanings are construed in various local settings. However, we know very little about how this diversity is generated in practice. This project will scrutinize the communication processes that use human rights as arguments to change abortion laws. We will contrast abortion debates from the last ten years in pairs of countries that represent three regional human rights systems: Mozambique and Senegal (the African Union), Poland and Ireland (the Council of Europe), and Argentina and Honduras (the Organization of American States). These debates show the ambivalence of human rights: they were used successfully to argue both for more liberal and more restrictive abortion laws. To explain this ambivalence, we will apply concepts of argumentative architecture and involvement patterns, coined by the PI as part of her figurational sociology of law, based on Norbert Elias’s theory of the process of civilization. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative sociology, legal analysis, and corpus linguistics, we will offer a multi-dimensional model for a globally comparative, interdisciplinary socio-legal study of human rights. We will study the structure, composition, and embedding of arguments, along with group perspectives, emotions, and circles of identification of arguing actors so as to arrive at a heat map that will show the distribution of involvement in argumentative architectures. By constructing a global meta-typology of argumentative architectures and involvement patterns in abortion debates, we will explore the integrative, civilizing potential of human rights and identify the centrifugal forces in human rights figuration that comprise the local, regional, and global levels. Finally, we will revisit the role of human rights as a universal toolbox for ideologies in order to plead their conditional rehabilitation. |
