| Project Detail |
Novel materials for energy efficient building facades
Building facades are a critical element of building design. Beyond aesthetics, they are the interface between the indoor and outdoor environment. Controlling heat gain and loss, and allowing for natural light and ventilation, building facades have a significant impact on occupant health and wellbeing. The EU-funded ZERAF project will propose a new approach. By using novel materials, including smart shape memory alloys and bio-based polyurethanes, and taking inspiration from industries such as aerospace, biomedicine and nanomaterials, ZERAF aims to create an adaptive opaque facade that can control heat transfer mechanisms to a significant degree. The project will manufacture prototypes and subject them to rigorous testing, while also quantifying sustainability parameters throughout the building lifecycle.
Building market demands high indoor environmental quality but is under the pressure of energy price volatility, European policies, targeting a carbon neutral building stock by 2050, and local building regulations. A drastic carbon footprint reduction on the EU building stock is only possible with: (i) a strong reduction of heating and cooling energy demand and (ii) the limitation of the embodied environmental impacts of building materials. We propose a disruptive facade concept, the ZERo-carbon building enabler Adaptive opaque Facade (ZERAF), to get a huge decrease in the operational energy demand, while reducing the environmental impact of new and existing buildings through novel materials. ZERAF concept enables shifting the opaque building façade systems from being static thermal barriers to thermal modulators. The disruptive configurations of opaque façade technology and the use of novel materials (smart Shape Memory Alloys, and new generation bio-based polyurethanes) enable such a dynamic thermal control. Moreover, ZERAF minimizes the number of primary sources (in terms of volume and diversity) and then of the embodied carbon. ZERAF radically reconceptualizes the adaptive opaque facades concept, taking the opportunity of doing high-risk/low-TRL research in an interdisciplinary environment to bring cutting edge novelties from aerospace, biomedicine, nanomaterials, chemistry and IOT to building sector. The objective is to scientifically prove that ZERAF concept can control all heat transfer mechanisms in opaque building façades to a significant level. Prototypes will be manufactured for the first time and their thermal behaviour will be characterized in a dedicated laboratory coupling a calorimeter and a continuous sun simulator. To prove that used materials, fabrication processes and assembly methods do not jeopardize the carbon footprint reduction, most relevant sustainability parameters will be quantified through a building life cycle method. |
